The process by which water molecules attach to dissolving molecules and ions. (Best answer.)
hydration
The less abundant substance in a solution which is said to be dissolved.
solute
A solution that contains less than the full amount of solute that it can hold at a particular temperature.
unsaturated solution
The more abundant, dissolving substance in a solution.
solvent
A solution that contains more solute than it normally would at a particular temperature.
supersaturated solution
The property describing two liquids that are mutually soluble.
miscibility
When the number of particles leaving the surface of a crystal in solution equals the number returning to the surface.
solution equilibrium
The separation of ions from one another.
dissociation
A method of describing concentration that shows the comparison of moles of solute to moles of solution.
mole fraction
A solution that contains as much solute as it can hold; the undissolved solute is in equilibrium with the dissolved solute.
saturated solution
The surrounding of solute particles by solvent particles.
solvation
A concentration unit expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
molality
Mixtures composed of a dispersed phase and a continuous phase.
colloids
The energy change that occurs when one substance dissolves in another.
enthalpy of solution
Describes the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature.
solubility
The continuous random motion of colloidal particles.
Brownian motion
A mixture with particles larger than 100 nm and which settle out.
suspension
The study of the properties of matter whose particles are between 1 nm and 100nm.
colloid chemistry
Results from light being scattered by colloidal particles.
Tyndall effect
The tendency of solid and liquid surfaces to attract and hold substances with which they come in contact with.
adsorption
The effectiveness of an ion in depressing the freezing point or elevating the boiling point of a solution.
activity
Vapor pressure, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and rate of diffusion through a membrane.
colligative properties
Allows only certain types of particles to pass through it.
semipermeable membrane
Caused by the unequal concentration of particles on two sides of a semipermeable membrane.
osmotic pressure
The principle that the vapor pressure of a solution varies directly as the mole fraction of solvent.
Raoult's law
A solution in which the intermolecular attraction is the same between the solute particles, the same between the solvent particles, and the same between the solute and solvent particles.
ideal solution
